NFPA 1: Fire Code Handbook, 2009 Edition

Contents

Preface

Acknowledgments

About the Editors

Introduction

Part I Administrative

1 Administration

1.1 Scope

1.2 Purpose

1.3 Application

1.4 Equivalencies, Alternatives, and Modifications

1.5 Units

1.6 Enforcement

1.7 Authority

1.8 Duties and Powers of the Incident Commander

1.9 Liability

1.10 Board of Appeals

1.11 Records and Reports

1.12 Permits and Approvals

1.13 Certificates of Fitness

1.14 Plan Review

1.15 Technical Assistance

1.16 Notice of Violations and Penalties

2 Referenced Publications

2.1 General

2.2 NFPA Publications

2.3 Other Publications

2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections

3 Definitions

3.1 General

3.2 NFPA Official Definitions

3.3 General Definitions

3.4 Special Performance-Based Definitions

4 General Requirements

4.1 Goals and Objectives

4.2 Assumptions

4.3 Compliance Options

4.4 Fundamental Requirements

4.5 General Requirements

5 Performance-Based Option

5.1 General

5.2 Performance Criteria

5.3 Retained Prescriptive Requirements

5.4 Design Scenarios

5.5 Evaluation of Proposed Designs

5.6 Safety Factors

5.7 Documentation Requirements

6 Classification of Occupancy

6.1 Classification of Occupancy

7 Reserved

8 Reserved

9 Reserved

Part II General

10 General Safety Requirements

10.1 Fundamental Requirements

10.2 Owner/Occupant Responsibilities

10.3 Occupancy

10.4 Maintenance, Inspection, and Testing

10.5 Building Evacuation

10.6 Fire Drills

10.7 Reporting of Fires and Other Emergencies

10.8 Tampering with Fire Safety Equipment

10.9 Emergency Plans

10.10 Smoking

10.11 Open Flame, Candles, Open Fires, and Incinerators

10.12 Fire Protection Markings

10.13 Vacant Buildings and Premises

10.14 Combustible Vegetation

10.15 Special Outdoor Events, Carnivals, and Fairs

10.16 Outside Storage

10.17 Parade Floats

10.18 Powered Industrial Trucks

10.19 Storage of Combustible Materials

10.20 Indoor Children’s Playground Structures

11 Building Services

11.1 Electrical Fire Safety

11.2 Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning

11.3 Elevators, Escalators, and Conveyors

11.4 Utilities

11.5 Heating Appliances

11.6 Rubbish Chutes, Incinerators, and Laundry Chutes

11.7 Stationary Generators and Standby Power Systems

11.8 Smoke Control

11.9 Emergency Command Center

12 Features of Fire Protection

12.1 General

12.2 Construction

12.3 Fire-Resistive Materials and Construction

12.4 Fire Doors and Windows

12.5 Interior Finish

12.6 Contents and Furnishings

12.7 Fire Barriers

12.8 Smoke Partitions

12.9 Smoke Barriers

13 Fire Protection Systems

13.1 General

13.2 Standpipe Systems

13.3 Automatic Sprinklers

13.4 Fire Pumps

13.5 Water Supply

13.6 Portable Fire Extinguishers

13.7 Detection, Alarm, and Communications Systems

13.8 Other Fire Protection Systems

14 Means of Egress

14.1 Application

14.2 Exit Access Corridors

14.3 Exits

14.4 Means of Egress Reliability

14.5 Door Openings

14.6 Enclosure and Protection of Stairs

14.7 Exit Passageways

14.8 Capacity of Means of Egress

14.9 Number of Means of Egress

14.10 Arrangement of Means of Egress

14.11 Discharge from Exits

14.12 Illumination of Means of Egress

14.13 Emergency Lighting

14.14 Marking of Means of Egress

14.15 Secondary Means of Escape

15 Reserved

16 Safeguards During Building Construction, Alteration, and Demolition Operations

16.1 General Requirements

16.2 Processes and Hazards

16.3 Fire Protection

16.4 Safeguarding Construction and Alteration Operations

16.5 Fire Safety During Demolition

16.6 Torch-Applied Roofing Systems

16.7 Tar Kettles

16.8 Asbestos Removal

17 Wildland Urban Interface

17.1 General

17.2 Plans

17.3 Wildland Fire–Prone Areas

18 Fire Department Access and Water Supply

18.1 General

18.2 Fire Department Access

18.3 Water Supplies and Fire Hydrants

18.4 Fire Flow Requirements for Buildings

19 Combustible Waste and Refuse

19.1 General

19.2 Combustible Waste and Refuse

Part III Occupancy

20 Occupancy Fire Safety

20.1 Assembly Occupancies

20.2 Educational Occupancies

20.3 Day-Care Occupancies

20.4 Health Care Occupancies

20.5 Residential Board and Care Occupancies

20.6 Ambulatory Health Care Centers

20.7 Detention and Correctional Occupancies

20.8 Hotels and Dormitories 480

20.9 Apartment Buildings

20.10 Lodging or Rooming Houses

20.11 One- and Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Housing

20.12 Mercantile Occupancies

20.13 Business Occupancies

20.14 Industrial Occupancies

20.15 Storage Occupancies

20.16 Special Structures and High-Rise Buildings

20.17 Historic Buildings and Cultural Resources

21 Airports and Heliports

21.1 Hangars

21.2 Terminals

21.3 Rooftop Heliport Construction and Protection

22 Automobile Wrecking Yards

22.1 General

22.2 Permits

22.3 Fire Department Access Roads

22.4 Welding and Cutting

22.5 Housekeeping

22.6 Fire Extinguishers

22.7 Tire Storage

22.8 Burning Operations

22.9 Motor Vehicle Fluids and Hazardous Materials

23 Cleanrooms

23.1 General

23.2 Applicability

23.3 Permits

24 Drycleaning

24.1 General

24.2 Permits

25 Grandstands and Bleachers, Folding and Telescopic Seating, Tents, and Membrane Structures

25.1 General

25.2 Tents

25.3 Grandstands

25.4 Folding and Telescopic Seating

25.5 Permanent Membrane Structures

25.6 Temporary Membrane Structures

26 Laboratories Using Chemicals

26.1 General

26.2 Laboratories in Health Care Occupancies

26.3 Permits

27 Manufactured Home and Recreational Vehicle Sites

27.1 General

27.2 Manufactured Home Sites

27.3 Recreational Vehicle Parks and Campgrounds

28 Marinas, Boatyards, Marine Terminals, Piers, and Wharves

28.1 Marinas, Boatyards, and Other Recreational Marine Facilities

28.2 Marine Terminals, Piers, and Wharves

28.3 Construction, Conversion, Repair, and Lay-Up of Vessels

29 Parking Garages

29.1 General

30 Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities and Repair Garages

30.1 Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities

30.2 Repair Garages

30.3 Operational Requirements

31 Forest Products

31.1 General

31.2 Permits

31.3 Protection of Storage of Forest Products

32 Motion Picture and Television Production Studio Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities

32.1 General

32.2 Permits

32.3 Housekeeping

32.4 Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities

32.5 Production Locations

32.6 Operating Features

33 Outside Storage of Tires

33.1 General

33.2 Individual Piles

33.3 Emergency Response Plan

33.4 Fire Control Measures

33.5 Site Access

33.6 Signs and Security

33.7 Outdoor Storage of Altered Tire Material

34 General Storage

34.1 General

34.2 Classification of Commodities

34.3 Building Construction

34.4 Storage Arrangement

34.5 General Fire Protection

34.6 Building Equipment, Maintenance, and Operations

34.7 Protection of Rack Storage

34.8 Protection of Rubber Tires

34.9 Protection of Roll Paper

34.10 Storage of Idle Pallets

35 Animal Housing Facilities

35.1 General

35.2 Permits

36 Reserved

37 Reserved

38 Reserved

39 Reserved

Part IV Processes

40 Dust Explosion and Fire Prevention

40.1 General

40.2 Permits

40.3 Fugitive Dust Control and Housekeeping

40.4 Ignition Sources

40.5 Fire Protection

40.6 Training and Procedures

40.7 Inspection and Maintenance

41 Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot Work

41.1 General

41.2 Responsibility for Hot Work

41.3 Fire Prevention Precautions

41.4 Sole Proprietors and Individual Operators

41.5 Public Exhibitions and Demonstrations

41.6 Arc Welding Equipment

42 Refueling

42.1 General

42.2 Automotive Fuel Servicing

42.3 Storage of Liquids

42.4 Piping for Liquids

42.5 Fuel Dispensing Systems

42.6 Building Construction Requirements

42.7 Operational Requirements

42.8 Additional Requirements for CNG, LNG, Hydrogen, and LPG

42.9 Marine Fueling

42.10 Aircraft Fuel Servicing

42.11 Alternate Fuels

43 Spraying, Dipping, and Coating Using Flammable or Combustible Materials

43.1 Application

43.2 Automated Electrostatic Spray Equipment

43.3 Handheld Electrostatic Spray Equipment

43.4 Drying, Curing, or Fusion Processes

43.5 Miscellaneous Spray Operations

43.6 Powder Coating

43.7 Organic Peroxides and Plural Component Coatings

43.8 Styrene Cross-Linked Composites Manufacturing (Glass Fiber–Reinforced Plastics)

43.9 Dipping and Coating Processes

43.10 Training

44 Solvent Extraction

44.1 General

44.2 Application

44.3 Permits

44.4 Special Requirements

45 Combustible Fibers

45.1 General

45.2 Electrical Wiring

45.3 No Smoking

45.4 Vehicles and Material Handling Equipment

45.5 Loose Storage of Combustible Fibers

45.6 Baled Storage

45.7 Storage of Hay, Straw, and Other Similar Agricultural Products

45.8 Hazardous Materials

46 Reserved

47 Reserved

48 Reserved

49 Reserved

Part V Equipment

50 Commercial Cooking Equipment

50.1 Application

50.2 General Requirements

50.3 Protection of Coverings and Enclosure Materials

50.4 Fire-Extinguishing Equipment

50.5 Procedures for the Use and Maintenance of Equipment

50.6 Minimum Safety Requirements for Cooking Equipment

51 Industrial Ovens and Furnaces

51.1 General

51.2 Location

51.3 Safety Controls

52 Stationary Storage Battery Systems

52.1 General

52.2 Permits

52.3 Safety Features

53 Mechanical Refrigeration

53.1 General 789

53.2 Safety Features 791

53.3 Operations, Maintenance, and Testing

54 Reserved

55 Reserved

56 Reserved

57 Reserved

58 Reserved

59 Reserved

Part VI Hazardous Materials

60 Hazardous Materials

60.1 General Requirements

60.2 Requirements for All Occupancies Containing High Hazard Contents

60.3 Requirements for Occupancies Exceeding the Maximum Allowable Quantity (MAQ) per Control Area for High Hazard Contents

60.4 Supplemental Requirements for Use and Handling of Hazardous Materials in Amounts Exceeding Maximum Allowable Quantities

61 Aerosol Products

61.1 General Provisions

61.2 Basic Requirements

61.3 Storage in Warehouses and Storage Areas

61.4 Mercantile Occupancies

61.5 Operations and Maintenance

62 Reserved

63 Compressed Gases and Cryogenic Fluids

63.1 General Provisions

63.2 Building-Related Controls

63.3 Compressed Gases

63.4 Cryogenic Fluids

63.5 Bulk Oxygen Systems

63.6 Gaseous Hydrogen Systems

63.7 Liquefied Hydrogen Systems

64 Corrosive Solids and Liquids

64.1 General

64.2 Outdoor Storage

65 Explosives, Fireworks, and Model Rocketry

65.1 General

65.2 Display Fireworks

65.3 Pyrotechnics Before a Proximate Audience

65.4 Flame Effects Before an Audience

65.5 Fireworks Manufacturing

65.6 Model Rocketry

65.7 Rocketry Manufacturing

65.8 High Power Rocketry

65.9 Explosives

65.10 Ammonium Nitrate

65.11 Sale, Handling, and Storage of Consumer Fireworks

66 Flammable and Combustible Liquids

66.1 General

66.2 Reserved

66.3 Definitions

66.4 Definition and Classification of Liquids

66.5 Reserved

66.6 Fire Prevention and Fire Risk Control

66.7 Electrical Systems

66.8 Reserved

66.9 Storage of Liquids in Containers — General Requirements

66.10 Reserved

66.11 Reserved

66.12 Reserved

66.13 Reserved

66.14 Hazardous Materials Storage Lockers

66.15 Outdoor Storage

66.16 Automatic Fire Protection for Inside Liquid Storage Areas

66.17 Processing Facilities

66.18 Dispensing, Handling, Transfer, and Use of Liquids

66.19 Specific Operations

66.20 Reserved

66.21 Storage of Liquids in Tanks — Requirements for All Storage Tanks

66.22 Storage of Liquids in Tanks — Aboveground Storage Tanks

66.23 Storage of Liquids in Tanks — Underground Tanks

66.24 Storage Tank Buildings

66.25 Storage Tank Vaults

66.26 Reserved

66.27 Piping Systems

66.28 Bulk Loading and Unloading Facilities for Tank Cars and Tank Vehicles

66.29 Wharves

67 Flammable Solids

67.1 General

67.2 Outdoor Storage

68 Highly Toxic and Toxic Solids and Liquids

68.1 General

68.2 Indoor Storage

68.3 Outdoor Storage

69 Liquefied Petroleum Gases and Liquefied Natural Gases

69.1 General Provisions

69.2 LP-Gas Equipment and Appliances

69.3 Installation of LP-Gas Systems

69.4 LP-Gas Liquid Transfer

69.5 Storage of Cylinders Awaiting Use, Resale, or Exchange

69.6 Vehicular Transportation of LP-Gas

69.7 LP-Gases at Utility Plants

69.8 Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)

70 Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides

70.1 General

70.2 Liquid and Solid Oxidizers

70.3 Organic Peroxide Formulations

71 Pyrophoric Solids and Liquids

71.1 General

71.2 Outdoor Storage

72 Unstable (Reactive) Solids and Liquids

72.1 General

72.2 Outdoor Storage

73 Water-Reactive Solids and Liquids

73.1 General

73.2 Outdoor Storage

Annexes

A Explanatory Material

B Hazardous Materials Classifications

C Sample Ordinance Adopting the NFPA 1, Fire Code

D Hazardous Materials Management Plans and Hazardous Materials Inventory Statements

E Reserved

F Reserved

G Ozone Gas–Generating Equipment

H Reserved

I Fire Hydrant Locations and Distribution

J Reserved

K Explanation of Rack Storage Test Data and Procedures

L Protection of Baled Cotton: History of Guidelines

M Reserved

N Reserved

O In-Building Public Safety Radio Enhancement Systems

P Fire Department Service Delivery Concurrency Evaluation

Q Fire Fighter Safety Building Marking System

R Additional Adoptable NFPA Codes and Standards

S Informational References

Index

Important Notices and Legal Disclaimers